Words Edge Doc Analysis of the Activists Documentary

From the opening lines of the movie, the activists in the documentary made clear, this movie would abandon the traditional tactic of â€Å"making a sufficiently depressing film.† The activists now believe there are individuals at different stages in their environmental advocacy. Knowing people are along different stages in their environmental advocacy, a one size fits all framing tactics will be insufficient to promote further environmental change. One of the first diagnostic frames the film addressed was energy consumption. More specifically, they address society’s reliance on coal, oil, and natural gas. These big three enables tremendous explosions of economic growth, propelling society forward into the modern era where we still rely on these big three for sustained economic growth. As Nichole Foss said, â€Å"our lives are completely predicated on the availability of cheap energy.† Another frame the documentary uses is the indirect critique of capitalism throu gh economic growth. Instead of using exploitative capitalism, individuals should adopt a more self-sufficient lifestyle. These themes of self-sufficiency and exploitation by capitalism appear in multiple places in the documentary. This documentary contains multiple components which spill over into other movements. One of which is the labor movement. The labor movement connects to the environmental movement because the labor movement sees particular aspects capitalism, particularly the relationship between the working classShow MoreRelatedContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesproviding a voice of reason amidst all the consultancy excitement of seemingly new ways of costing the business world. He has played a similar role in the area of accounting standard setting, both taking forward the British tradition of the economic analysis of financial accounting and, of possibly greater significance, providing some very original analyses of the possibilities for meaningful accounting standardization. With an agenda as rich as this, it is all the more praiseworthy that Michael maintained

Tommy Hilfiger Essay - 1214 Words

Tommy Hilfiger Tommy Hilfiger, its a household name now. The patriotic red, white, and blue flag is as well known as the McDonalds arches. Chances are you probably own at least one of his products, jeans, sunglasses, shirts, suits, wallets, underwear, and the list goes on. People of all races, sex, and ethnic background wear his clothing and seem to have no problem paying substantially more money just to have the Tommy logo plastered on it. Those who wear Hilfiger are proud of the image it creates for them, they tend to be instilled with a sense of all the things Hilfiger stands for regardless of any controversy that may surround him.. Hilfiger took his first step into the fashion world in 1969. Driving his 1959†¦show more content†¦Clearly, he wanted his emblem to be purely American and to be known as something that originated in the United States. The Tommy flag, with it colors similar to that of the U.S. flag, tends to make people think patriotically, so they tend to consider the clothing to be a statement of pride in their home country. Tommy himself considers his line All American and his style influences all come from a variety of past U.S. style trends and his views of American life: Whenever I look at the Statue of Liberty, the Empire State Building, Mt. Rushmore, whenever I see a pair of blue jeans or a 65 Mustang, I realize that these are all icons that make me proud to be American. (Hilfiger, p18) , Page 2 Advertisements are generally brightly colored and show people that are comfortable and having a good time in Tommy clothes. Like other designers, Tommy appeals to a variety of generations and types of people by gearing his advertisements towards the crowd he envisions as being the main consumer of that particular article of clothing. However, with the huge popularity he has achieved, his advertisements tend to have more attention paid to them. Advertisements for products such as baggy cargo pants, for example, usually involve teenagers engaged in some sort of teenage activity outside, more often than not in the city. It creates an urban image for his clothingShow MoreRelatedREPORT ON TOMMY HILFIGER INDIA1684 Words   |  7 PagesA REPORT ON TOMMY HILFIGER BY P.SATYANARAYANA Date: 6/6/2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Sl.No. CONTENTS 1 Candidate’s statement 2 Preface 3 Acknowledgement 4 Objectives of the study 5 Introduction 6 Overview of the Company 7 Profiles of some rivals 8 SWOT Analysis 9 Promotional Activities 10 Learning from SIP 11 Conclusion 12 Bibliography PREFACE In today’s trend of cut-throat competition, Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) is sure to have an edge over their counterparts. 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This advertisement is a true way to show how much advertisement has become demoralizing, and appealing to the eye. â€Å"They sell values, images, and concepts of success and worth, love, and sexuality, popularityRead MorePhillips-van Heusen’s Acquisition of Tommy Hilfiger: Case Study I in Operational Planning1360 Words   |  6 PagesPhillips-van Heusen’s Acquisition of Tommy Hilfiger: Case Study I in Operational Planning In a Toronto Star article entitled, â€Å"Phillips-van Heusen to buy Tommy Hilfiger in $3B Deal†, Anne D’Innocenzio and Mae Anderson report on the purchase of the ‘Tommy Hilfiger’ (TH) retail company by Phillips-van Heusen (retail giant which owns such brands as ‘Calvin Klein’ (CK), ‘Izod’, and ‘Arrow’) for $3 billion in cash and stock. The acquisition of TH, did not lead to a change in its existing sales, Read MoreTommy Hilfiger2018 Words   |  9 Pages1. What factors have led to higher prices in Europe than in the United States for Hilfiger merchandise? 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Segregation Among And Children Disabilities â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discus About The Segregation Versus Among Children Disabilities? Answer: Introduction Children with disabilities and special needs have been reported of presenting certain issues. They are likely to encounter various challenges in terms of mixing with the general population and express themselves in a complete manner that is conducive to their holistic development. The behavioral outcomes in relation to their social communication as well as other cultural representations all are threatened as a consequence to discriminating attitudes. Disability in children has often been attributed to the impact due to isolation, segregation and discriminating behavior that delineates them from being considered as a part of the general or mainstream population (Fawcett 2016). Benefits of mainstreaming disabled children Children with disabilities are in constant need for achieving their developmental milestones by catering to their specific special educational needs that might include range of problems such as physical disabilities, behavioral issues or learning difficulties. However, instead of labeling for special education, arranging mainstream education for them might harbor positive outcomes where children shall have the opportunity of gaining both academically as well as in the social contexts through provision of appropriate accommodation (Boyle 2014). Need of funding An urgent call must be raised in terms of making proper allocations and arranging resources through which the rights of very children in all their fairness and justice may be achieved. In order to attain these objectives of an inclusive and socially just educational system, the schools must be well equipped and ready to impart holistic education through recruitment of adequate staff and resources. Teachers behavioral assessment must be streamlined for improving educational provision for the intended audience (Ballard 2016). Databases used The Google Scholar database was accessed for retrieving pertinent information related to the chosen topic. The database houses a huge and exhaustive collection of peer-reviewed articles on various topics and is updated as well (Falagas et al. 2008). In addition to this, the EBSCO host database was also utilized for procuring most relevant information. In any research strategy, keywords play a crucial role in narrowing down the search process to the desirable ones. Time is saved and accuracy may be maintained by virtue of using most suitable keywords that are in line with the chosen topic. Keywords are often clubbed with Boolean operators to shorten the search procedure (Lewis 2015). In this particular study, the keywords such as segregation, mainstreaming, benefits, children with disabilities were incorporated to retrieve suitable information related to chosen topic. The articles published within the timeframe ranging from 2007 until 2017 and in English language were only considered. Exclusion criteria The articles unrelated to the topic, published before 2007 and in any languages other than English were not considered for inclusion in the study. As per the given article, Gickling and Theobald (1975) in their work have already paid attention to the issue of mainstreaming children with disability. They have emphasized on pursuing a needs assessment in order to understand better the teacher attitude, perceptions and programs apart from the significance of adequate service delivery and teacher education. Holistic growth and development of child has been argued to be fostered through this avenue with commitment from the educators and active involvement of the stakeholders. Literature review conducted with respect to this issue will highlight on similar and relevant works that might have vital implications. Lindsay (2007) in his work has argued in favor of inclusive education or mainstreaming as a prime policy objective meant for educating the children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities. The effectiveness of inclusive education has been grossly investigated based on the child outcomes. Sample for the study has been selected as children with special needs ranging from preschool until their end of compulsory education. Relevant articles published between the years 2001 and 2005 in the journals of special education have been chosen for inclusion. A varied range of studies comprising of qualitative study, non-comparative case study and others were taken into consideration. Measurements were done in accordance with the social as well as educational outcomes. Respondents judgments were also emphasized alongside exploration of process factors such as that of teacher attitudes in addition to use of teaching assistants. The study concluded that promotion of inclusiv e education or mainstreaming education meant for disabled children is based on the rights of children to be incorporated into the realm of mainstream education and the proposed effectiveness of inclusive education in harboring positive results. The work by Wang (2009) has carried out a critical analysis in questioning whether every student having special educational needs should be incorporated in mainstream education provision. As per the traditional practices, separate learning environments are reserved for children requiring special educational needs thereby segregating them from the normal children who do not have any such requirements or disabilities. However, criticisms of these traditional approach has been rampant whereby many educators have proposed in favor of including such students in the mainstream schools so that maximization of their learning experiences may be achieved. A revamp of the educational curriculum through change in attitude of the educators have been suggested in this regard to attain holistic outcomes favoring the positive growth of such child. However, the study inferred that proper conceptualization of the childrens disabilities as well as the needs of children must be attended to for framing a suitable educational system. Active involvement of all the stakeholders consisting of educators, parents and school administrators is desirable in this context for driving goal-oriented results towards an inclusive education system through proper planning and sufficient coordination. ardiman, Guerin and Fitzsimons (2009) in their study has compared the social competence of children with moderate intellectual disability as observed in case of inclusive as opposed to segregated school settings in the Republic of Ireland. In course of the study, a convenience sampling was employed by virtue of two large intellectual disability services. 45 children in totality were recruited across two groups in which Group 1 comprised of 20 children attending inclusive school and Group 2 comprised of 25 children attending segregated school. On the other hand , the parents and teachers who attended the study were asked to complete the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Adaptive Behaviour Scale. For the statistical analysis, 22 ANOVAs were computed based on social competence scores utilizing the educational placement types that accented for inclusive Vs segregated school in addition to proxy rater consisting of parent Vs teacher as independent variables. Evidences in su pport of majority of proxy ratings of social competence suggest that children in inclusive schools did not reveal significant differences with children in segregated schools thereby indicating the value of different educational setting. Hettiarachchi and Das (2014) in their work has highlighted on the preparedness of both the regular as well as special education teachers working in the domicile of Sri Lanka on matter related to teaching of students with disabilities in an inclusive educational setting. A mixed method approach was employed to carry out the study whereby 75 teachers were surveyed through using a two-part questionnaire. On the other hand, eight teachers participated in semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was completed by virtue of using the Framework Analysis for the interview dataset while descriptive statistics was employed for analyzing the survey derived quantitative dataset. Findings of the study revealed that special educators expressed greater perceived competence in terms of working with students having special needs in contrast to the general education teachers. Thus, teacher training in both pre-service as well as during in-service sessions has been indicated so that the concept of incl usive education may be well introduced and the purpose sufficiently achieved. Mainstreaming of children with disabilities may be attained through adoption of pragmatic approaches facilitating contextually-relevant and culturally-sensitive inclusion education for bringing forth positive outcomes. The study conducted by Olsson et al. (2015) has highlighted on the social service utilization patterns among children with mild intellectual disability alongside representing the differences that exist between children integrated into mainstream classes in comparison to children in self-contained classes. As part of the stud methodology, available social services records were utilized for the sake of using the social services among 84 children possessing mild intellectual disability in conjunction with their families, who are residents of two municipalities in Sweden. The results generated from the study has focused that one-third of the families pertaining to the childs disability received services while one-fourth of them had access to services on the pretext of social services. Thus, it was found that children who have been integrated into mainstream classes are less likely to be eligible for receiving social services due to their disability as opposed to children in self-containe d classes. Therefore, recommendations have been made in terms of expansion of outreach activities by the social services particularly in schools in order to ensure that families having child with mild intellectual disability receive appropriate, comprehensive services. Critical appraisal Reliability of the information presented in articles is generally adjudged by means of conducting critical appraisal. Critical appraisal of articles is necessary in this context to evaluate the validity and acceptability of information presented in these literature (Elwood 2017). In the following assignment, the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool will be utilized to achieve the desired purpose of evaluating the feasibility and reliability of the data used in study. The first study is a systematic review in which a clearly focused question regarding the effectiveness of inclusive education or mainstreaming has been addressed. Most relevant papers comprising of both qualitative as well as comparative outcome studies were incorporated in the study. The quality of the included studies have been properly scrutinized by catering to research methods and analysis with detailed insight into the procedures involved in selecting the most suitable study (Best and Kahn 2016). Studies of outcomes and studies of process have been categorized under two separate sections and the results as occurred through various studies have been combined for correct interpretation. Overall results have highlighted on the importance of inclusive education from two different aspects. Thus, precision in terms of the results is missing no definite conclusion has been arrived at. Application of the results to local population is questionable as all the important outcomes were not succinctly considered in the study thereby somewhat diminishing the acceptability of the information retrieved. In the second study, a critical analysis on matter relevant to the inclusion of students with special education needs into mainstream education has been speculated. Literature of diverse nature has been incorporated for providing an insight into the topic with analysis of the issue under separate headings. No information about the procedure of retrieval of papers has been mentioned in the article. The discussion of various articles has been placed based on relevancy with the topic heading. Quality of the articles has not been assessed and most of the articles referred in the article are old and belonged to the 1990s era. Proceedings of the various articles have been combined into one for indicating a prospective conclusion in which emphasis has been laid to reconsider the needs and concept of inclusive education meant for children with disability. Precision in terms of study results is missing due to lack of prudent analysis of study findings and consideration of all related variable s (Xu and Croft 2017). The third study has offered an insight into the issue of social competence of children having moderate intellectual disability by comparing the outcomes with respect to inclusive versus segregated school settings. The clearly focused issue has been addressed through attention being given to appropriate research methodology. Convenience sampling has been undertake in addition to measures being taken with respect to various questionnaire and scale. Moreover, ethical consideration was also taken care of in the study to conduct study in liaison with proper ethical and legal liabilities. Data analysis was also done diligently thereby adding to rigor and reliability of the data obtained. Efforts were also taken to minimize the occurrence of bias (Silverman 2016). Limitations of the study that confounded it have also been mentioned in due course of the article. Results obtained is very precise as it clearly stated that children in inclusive schools did not show significant difference compar ed to children in segregated schools on majority of proxy ratings in social competence. The fourth study resorted to a mixed method study design in which investigation was carried out with respect to preparedness of special and regular education teachers in Sri Lanka for teaching students with disabilities in an inclusive educational setting. In this qualitative study, appropriate methodology comprising of semi-structured interview and survey questionnaire has been utilized to derive proper conclusion. The aims of the research has also been clearly mentioned in the article thereby adding to the clarity of research undertaken. Hence, the methodology adopted is suitable and perfectly in line with the aims of the study. The relationship between the researcher and the participants has also been clearly defined whereby the specific tasks performed by the researcher has also been mentioned. The ethical issues associated with the research has also been mentioned in the article thereby enhancing the confidence in the data received from the analysis (Flick 2014). Descriptive sta tistics in conjunction with framework analysis was utilized for the sake of conducting data analysis along with indication about the implications of the research. Perceived competence about teaching students with special needs was higher among special educators in contrast to the general teaching educators. In the fifth study, a quantitative total population study was conducted by means of using the existing social service records. The study aimed to highlight the types and number of services that are being utilized by the families from the social services either due to childs disability or due to social problems. For attending the aim, the methodology adopted is quite acceptable. However, the number of sample recruited for the study might have been a little large so that the results obtained may be validated largely and might appear as a true representation of the population (Marshall et al. 2013). Recruitment of the participants was done appropriately with possible measures being taken to mitigate the generation of bias in the study apart from other confounding factors. Data analysis has also been rational with future directives for proper engagement of social services in catering to the needs of children with disabilities. Recommendation The discussions made in the above articles have indicated on a common aspect that inclusion of the disabled children in the mainstream education might harbor beneficial effects for them. Participation of these children with special needs into the general educational curriculum is likely to exert positive impact on their social and intellectual development. The holistic growth of the child is heavily dependent on the initiatives and approaches taken by the educational fraternity. The services and attitudes of the educators play pivotal roles in influencing the growth of the children with disability whereby core emphasis is laid on inclusive education. Rights of these children need to be safeguarded and justice should be upheld for them so that they might get the opportunities to lead their lives in sync with others. All the schools must be proactive in their endeavors to invest in optimal resources conducive to the development of the child. Funding is extremely important in order to a ttain the desired objectives. The school authorities might approach the education department to procure requisite funds for improving the educational environment status in which inclusive education for children with disabilities will be streamlined. Adequate finding will ensure mainstreaming of these children into society. References Ballard, K., 2016. Children and disability: Special or included.Waikato Journal of Education,10(1). Best, J.W. and Kahn, J.V., 2016.Research in education. Pearson Education India. Boyle, C., 2014. Labelling in Special Education: Where do the benefits lie?. Routledge. Elwood, M., 2017.Critical appraisal of epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Oxford University Press. Falagas, M.E., Pitsouni, E.I., Malietzis, G.A. and Pappas, G., 2008. Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, web of science, and Google scholar: strengths and weaknesses.The FASEB journal,22(2), pp.338-342. Fawcett, B., 2016. Children and disability: Constructions, implications and change.International Social Work,59(2), pp.224-234. Flick, U., 2014.An introduction to qualitative research. Sage. Gickling, E.E. and Theobald, J.T., 1975. Mainstreaming: Affect or effect.The Journal of Special Education,9(3), pp.317-328. Hardiman, S., Guerin, S. and Fitzsimons, E., 2009. A comparison of the social competence of children with moderate intellectual disability in inclusive versus segregated school settings.Research in Developmental Disabilities,30(2), pp.397-407. Hettiarachchi, S. and Das, A., 2014. Perceptions of inclusionand perceived preparedness among school teachers in Sri Lanka.Teaching and Teacher Education,43, pp.143-153. Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.Health promotion practice,16(4), pp.473-475. Lindsay, G., 2007. Educational psychology and the effectiveness of inclusive education/mainstreaming.British Journal of Educational Psychology,77(1), pp.1-24. Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A. and Fontenot, R., 2013. Does sample size matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research.Journal of Computer Information Systems,54(1), pp.11-22. Olsson, L.M., Elgmark Andersson, E., Granlund, M. and Huus, K., 2015. Social service utilisation patterns among children with mild intellectual disabilitydifferences between children integrated into mainstream classes and children in self-contained classes.European Journal of Special Needs Education,30(2), pp.220-236. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Wang, H.L., 2009. Should All Students with Special Educational Needs (SEN) Be Included in Mainstream Education Provision?--A Critical Analysis.International Education Studies,2(4), pp.154-161. Xu, J. and Croft, W.B., 2017, August. Quary Expansion Using Local and Global Document Analysis. InACM SIGIR Forum(Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 168-175). ACM.

Julius Caesar`s Women Essays - Cultural Depictions Of Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar`s Women Portia and Calpurnia are the two main women in the story of Julius Caesar. They had two totally different parts in the story. One was kind of a servant wife and the other was a equal but not equal wife. Shakespeare shows the two characters as supportive figures but not very important ones. Portia is the wife of Brutus. Portia considers herself as an equal to Brutus. They share a mutual relationship and they both contribute to it. No one is better or considered better. They had shared a perfect relationship up until the point when the conspiracy of killing Caesar started. Portia figured it out pretty easily that something was wrong with Brutus because they had such a close relationship. She begged him to tell her and when Brutus said that he couldn't then she knew that their relations had faded a little. Of course, Brutus ended up telling her what was going on. This quote resembles there relationship. "By all your vows of great love and that great vow Which did incorporate and make us one, That you unfold me, yourself, and your half, Why you are heavy, and what men tonight Have had resort to you;" This quote tells the reader how much she cares for Brutus. Calpurnia on the other hand is the total opposite in the eyes of the husband. She is the wife of Caesar. Caesar treats Calpurnia as if she was the scum level of his servants. He orders her around and never pays any attention to her. One example of this was when she warned and begged him not to go to the capitol that day. She had a feeling that something was going to happen and sure enough did. (Caesar was stabbed by the Senate who had been planning against him.) Therefore, the two important wives in the story had two totally different roles. One was a servant woman and the other was a equal but one that was left out of the most important thing that was ever done by her husband. They were both similar in that they both had husbands that were deeply involved in the conspiracy, and the major difference between them was how they were treated as wives.

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee Book Report essays

Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee Book Report essays One of the two books I read over the summer was Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee by Dee Brown. This book used council records, autobiographies, and firsthand descriptions to illustrate the destruction of the American Indian tribes between the years of 1860 and 1890. Chapter one, titled Their Manners Are Decorous and Praiseworthy, elaborates on the events following the meeting of the white settlers and the American Indians. When Columbus first came across the Indians, he described them as tractable and peaceable. The Europeans decided that they were superior to the Indians, and that because the Indians were inferior they should adopt the European ways. Whether the Indians wanted to change or not was of little importance to the settlers, as European ways of life were forced on them. Andrew Jackson, who took office in 1829, recommended that the Indians should be separated from the white settlers as the two could not live in peace together. The Indians would be moved to a permanent Indian frontier west of the Mississippi River. This recommendation became law two years later. However, new settlers had already began settling in Wisconsin and Iowa. So the permanent Indian frontier had to be moved from the Mississippi to the 95th Meridian. A Navaho by the name of Manuelito and other leaders of his tribe had made peaceful treaties with the Americans. Then the Americans decided to build a fort on Navaho land. The Indians and whites lived peaceably for some time, until soldiers burned Navaho hogans and killed their livestock because of some reckless Navaho youths. This angered Manuelito, as he had kept every promise on his side that he had made in the many treaties with the settlers. The Navahos had been a wealthy tribe, but constant attacks on their villages made them extremely poor. The Navahos lost many horses and mules from the...

Architecture Definition Includes Construction & Design

Architecture Definition Includes Construction & Design What is architecture?  The word architecture can have many meanings. Architecture can be both an art and a science, a process and a result, and both an idea and a reality. People often use the words architecture and design interchangeably, which naturally broadens the definition of architecture. If you can design your own career goals, arent you the architect of your own life?  It seems there are no easy answers, so we explore and debate the many definitions of architecture, design, and what architects and social scientists call the built environment. Definitions of Architecture Some people think architecture is like pornography - you know it when you see it. Everyone may have an opinion and an elegant (or self-serving) definition for architecture. From the Latin word architectura, the word we use describes the job of an architect. The ancient Greek arkhitekton was the chief builder or master technician of all craftsmen and artisans. So, what comes first, the architect or the architecture?   architecture 1. The art and science of designing and building structures, or large groups of structures, in keeping with aesthetic and functional criteria. 2. Structures built in accordance with such principles.- Dictionary of Architecture and Construction Architecture is the scientific art of making structure express ideas. Architecture is the triumph of human imagination over materials, methods, and men to put man into possession of his own earth. Architecture is mans great sense of himself embodied in a world of his own making. It may rise as high in quality only as its source because great art is great life. - Frank Lloyd Wright, from the Architectural Forum, May 1930 It is about creating buildings and spaces that inspire us, that help us do our jobs, that bring us together, and that become, at their best, works of art that we can move through and live in. And in the end, that is why architecture can be considered the most democratic of art forms. - 2011, President Barack Obama, Pritzker Architecture Prize Ceremony Speech Depending on the context, the word architecture can refer to any man-made building or structure, like a tower or monument; a man-made building or structure that is important, large, or highly creative; a carefully designed object, such as a chair, a spoon, or a tea kettle; a design for a large area such as a city, town, park, or landscaped gardens; the art or science of designing and building buildings, structures, objects, and outdoor spaces; a building style, method, or process; a plan for organizing space; elegant engineering; the planned design of any kind of system; a systematic arrangement of information or ideas; and the flow of information on a web page. Tensil Architecture at Denver International Airport. George Rose/Getty Images (cropped) Art, Architecture, and Design In 2005, the artists Christo and Jeanne-Claude implemented an idea, an art installation in New York City called  The Gates in Central Park. Thousands of bright orange gates were placed throughout Central Park, the great landscape architecture of Frederick Law Olmsted, erected as designed by the artistic team. Of course, The Gates is art, because what else would it be? wrote art critic Peter Schjeldahl at the time. Art used to mean paintings and statues. Now it means practically anything human-made that is unclassifiable otherwise. The New York Times was more pragmatic in their review called Enough About Gates as Art; Lets Talk About That Price Tag. So, if a man-made design cant be classified, it must be art. But if its very, very expensive to create, how can it be simply art? Depending on your perspective, you might use the word architecture to describe any number of things. Which of these items might be called architecture - a circus tent; a sports stadium; an egg carton; a roller coaster; a log cabin; a skyscraper; a computer program; a temporary summer pavilion; a political campaign; a bonfire; a parking garage; an airport, bridge, train station, or your house? The list could go on forever. The Architecture of the Car Park, 2010, by Herzog de Meuron, 1111 Lincoln Road, Miami Beach, Florida. Roger Kisby/Getty Images What Does Architectural Mean? The adjective architectural can describe anything related to architecture and building design. Examples are abundant, including architectural drawings; architectural design; architectural styles; architectural modeling; architectural details; architectural engineering; architectural software; architectural historian or architectural history; architectural research; architectural evolution; architectural studies; architectural heritage; architectural traditions; architectural antiquities and architectural salvage; architectural lighting; architectural products; architectural investigation. Also, the word architectural can describe objects that have a strong shape or beautiful lines - an architectural vase; an architectural sculpture; an architectural rock formation; architectural drapery. Perhaps it is this use of the word architectural that has muddied the waters of defining architecture. When Does a Building Become Architecture? The land is the simplest form of architecture, wrote American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), implying that the built environment is not exclusively man-made. If true, are the birds and the bees and all builders of natural habitats considered architects - and are their structures architecture? Architect and journalist Roger K. Lewis (b. 1941) writes that societies tend to value most a structure that transcends service or functional performance and that are more than mere buildings. Great architecture, writes Lewis, has always represented more than responsible construction or durable shelter. Artfulness of form and artistry of building have long been the dominant standards for measuring the extent to which human made artifacts are transformed from the profane to the sacred. Frank Lloyd Wright claims that this artistry and beauty can only come from the human spirit. Mere building may not know spirit at all, Wright wrote in 1937. And it is well to say that the spirit of the thing is the essential life of that thing because it is truth. To Wrights thinking, a beaver dam, a beehive, and a birds nest may be beautiful, lower forms of architecture, but the great fact is this - architecture is simply a higher type and expression of nature by way of human nature where human beings are concerned. The spirit of man enters into all, making of the whole a godlike reflection of himself as creator. Apple Headquarters Designed by Norman Foster in Cupertino, California. Justin Sullivan/Getty Images So, What Is Architecture? Architecture is an art bridging the humanities and the sciences, says American architect Steven Holl (b. 1947). We work bone-deep in Art - drawing lines between sculpture, poetry, music and science that coalesce in Architecture. Since the licensing of architects, these professionals have defined themselves and what they do. This hasnt stopped anyone and everyone else from having an opinion with no one architecture definition. Sources Gutheim, Frederick ed. Frank Lloyd Wright On Architecture: Selected Writings (1894-1940). Grossets Universal Library, 1941, p. 141Harris, Cyril M. ed. Dictionary of Architecture and Construction. McGraw- Hill, 1975, p. 24Holl, Steven. Five Minute Manifesto. AIA Gold Medal Ceremony, Washington, D.C. May 18, 2012 Lewis, Roger K. Introduction. Master Builders, Diane Maddex ed., National Trust for Historic Preservation, Wiley Preservation Press, 1985, p. 8McIntire, Mike. Enough About Gates as Art; Lets Talk About That Price Tag. The New York Times, March 5, 2005, www.nytimes.com/2005/03/05/nyregion/enough-about-gates-as-art-lets-talk-about-that-price-tag.htmlSchjeldahl, Peter. Gated. The New Yorker, February 28, 2005, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2005/02/28/gatedWright, Frank Lloyd. The Future of Architecture. New American Library, Horizon Press, 1953, pp. 41, 58-59

Classify and categorize various careers in hospitality field Essay

Classify and categorize various careers in hospitality field - Essay Example The current global economy based on integration and free trade is expected to further transform growth in the industry. With rising economic integration through globalization, careers in hospitality have increasingly provided flexibility in the country of operation, especially in chains of hospitality firms which exist in various countries. Chuang has pointed out that following the development of hotel industry, the bar for skilled personnel has gone up substantially (14). The industry arguably experiences the greatest diversity of knowledge assets compared to other professions. Careers in the hospitality industry can be classified into: food and beverage handling, front office management, housekeeping, sales and promotion, accounting, maintenance among others (Ladkin and Weber 385). The current world has witnessed a sharp increase in business activity, resulting to more business and holiday travels, hence more careers in the sector. Eligibility The eligibility for various careers in the hospitality industry ranges from diploma certificates higher learning institutions to university degrees (Chuang 15). Depending on the nature of the organization, Hotel and Restaurant management, Casino management, Cruise Ship Hotel Management, Airline Catering and Cabin Services, Administration and catering for health facilities and education or training institutions, Hotel and Tourism, Lodges, and Guest Houses are some of the avenues that can be exploited by those keen on pursuing a career in the hospitality industry. Trained persons may also open businesses for self-employment in order to realize their economic dreams. Generally, Zahari et al (69) have pointed out that careers in the hospitality industry can be grouped in to several categories namely: Operations, Customer Care, Cuisine services, Bookkeeping, Maintenance, Sales and Promotion, Security, and House-keeping. General Operations A General Manager is usually responsible for the coordination and management of human r esources, financial management, service provision, and projection of the company image through the front office, and quality control (Zahari et al 78-91). Depending on the nature and size of the organization, general managers often have subordinate managers working in various departments to complement their effort. Front Office careers Chuang has noted that front office is the nerve center of all operations in the service-based hospitality industry (14). Important operations such as receiving the visitors, making reservations for rooms and conference halls, managing correspondence and processing bills as well as maintaining records of the services rendered to guests are usually processed at the department (Chuang 16). In most cases, the front office manager is often in charge of the supervision and co-ordination of the processes. Subordinates to the front office manager may include an Assistant Manager, front office executive, lobby manager, information staff, receptionist, bell cap tain, and doorman among others. The responsibilities of these staffs may vary from one facility to another. House Keeping careers According to Zhong, Couch and Blum (10), house-keepers are usually charged with ensuring that the facility, the rooms, the hallways, bars, the restaurants, and the compounds among other places are kept tidy. House-keeping careers mainly involve ensuring the comfort of the

Domestic Partner Benefits for American Corporations Research Paper

Domestic Partner Benefits for American Corporations - Research Paper Example Despite that fact that this concept contribute positively towards creating a positive attitude on the labor force, this issue has led to numerous debates with many corporate stakeholders wondering whether benefits should be given to domestic partnerships or not. This paper will bring into perspective this issue by arguing for and against domestic partner benefits of employees and later provides its own opinion. The phrase domestic partner benefits could most probably be taken to refer to employee benefit programs offered to non-married couples the same or even similar benefits as those provided to the married couples. It is worth noting that domestic partner benefits can be categorised into two; same sex and opposite sex partners. According to Woodlink, 36) it is therefore upon the employer to decide which category to give the benefits. It has been observed that due to the escalating number of employers, majority of the corporations have extended the benefits to homosexuals, lesbians, bisexual as well as transgender employees and their families. It is imperative to define who domestic partners are. These are two individuals who have been in an intimate relationship for a long time and in addition to this, are financially and emotionally interdependent. However, the employers are at liberty to define who a domestic partner is. Additionally, employers wishing to implement a domestic partner plan need to create an accurate definition of what a suitable domestic partner should have. To mention but a few of these element: the partners must have attained the age of eighteen years, neither of the partner should be related by blood closer than permitted by state for marriage. In addition to this, the partners must share an intimate relationship and the relationship must be exclusive. It is worth noting that documentation of proof of a domestic partner relationship may take a number of forms. It is left to the liberty of the employer to determine what is most suitable. Some get contented with their domestic partners signing a written statement of their relationship while others just require a proof of some financial relationship for instance a joint lease or mortgage. Village Voice newspaper is said to be the first private company to provide domestic partnership benefits in 1982. By 1985, the cities of Berkeley, West Hollywood and California State followed suit. And since then, both private and public corporations have embraced this program. As a matter of fact, it was said that by 2006, most of the Fortune 500 largest American corporation provide health insurance for domestic partners of their employees. The corporate employers offer a variety of domestic partner benefits in terms of packages. These packages are either soft or hard benefits also referred to as low-cost and high-cost benefits. Majority of the American corporations offer the low-cost benefits to their domestic partners. These may include among others; sick leave, access to a corporation facilities, permission to attend both company and personal functions and relocation expenses. Other than this there are the high-cost benefits that some corporate employers offer to their employees. This may include benefits such as health and medical insurance among others (Quizterson, 78-82). Federal Defense of Marriage Act

An essay on the novel Frankenstein Essay Example for Free

An essay on the novel Frankenstein Essay The novel Frankenstein is as relevant and terrifying today as it was when it was first published At the time that Mary Shelly wrote the book Frankenstein the idea of creating and bringing people back to life using electricity was a prominent idea in science. She was also reading Emile by a famous French philosopher Rousseau where he argues that mans nature is harmless but is made evil by society. These ideas help to influence her novel and contribute to the key themes. When Mary Shelly was young her mother died and this ties in with the character of Victor whose mother also dies from giving birth to his brother William, who is later murdered by the creature, (Mary Shelly also had a son called William who died at the age of 3). Mary Shellys first child died twelve days after she was born, she had a dream that her child had come back to life she wrote Dream that my little baby came to life again that it had only been cold and that we rubbed it by the fire and it lived I awake and find no baby I think about the little thing all day this tragedy is reflected in Frankenstein with the idea of bringing the dead back to life. Mary Shellys own childhood seems to have been brought up in the character of the creature, the creature was abandoned by Victor and Mary Shelly seems to feel that her mother abandoned her because she died when Shelly was only a baby. The book Frankenstein has three different narrators though out the novel; Robert Walton, the captain of a ship heading for the North Pole. Victor Frankenstein the creator of the creature and finally the creature itself, although Victor and the creatures stories are embedded in Waltons narrative. Mary Shelly uses Waltons letters to his sister to tell the story from his point of view and that of Victor and the creature. The book starts with Walton writing letters to his sister. Walton then encounters Victor Frankenstein when his ship can go no further north because it is stuck in the ice; Victor Frankenstein has been traveling across the ice following the creature and is ill because of the cold. Robert Walton takes him aboard his ship where Victor Frankenstein tells him the story of creating the creature. Victor tells him about his childhood in Geneva which he spent with his cousin Elizabeth. Victor went to the University of Ingolstadt. While he was there he became obsessed with the idea of bringing people back to life. Victor thinks he has found the secret of life and puts together a human being from bits of other dead people. It was a dreary night in November when he finally brings the creature to life. He looks at the repulsive thing that he has created and it horrifies him. He tries to sleep but is disturbed by dreams of his mother and Elizabeth I held the corpse of my dead mother in my arms, he wakes up to see the creature standing over him. Mary Shelly is increasing the tension and making the reader more involved. He escaped into the streets of Igolstadt and runs into his friend Clerval, who had come to study at the university. Victor takes his friend back to his apartment, but he finds that the creature is no longer there. He then becomes ill from a fever; the sickness is a sign that he has realized the horror of what he has done. Before he returns to Geneva he receives a letter from his father telling him his brother William has been murdered. Victor hurries home and when he was passing through the woods where William was murdered, he catches sight of the creature and is convinced the creature killed him, Mary Shelly is increasing the horror with each event as the story unfolds. Victor took a holiday in the mountains to try and ease his grief for his brother. While he is alone one day, crossing a glacier, the creature approaches him. The creature then tells Victor what has happened to him he describes running away from Igolstadt after he was assaulted by the towns people, and how he hid away in forests where he discovered fire. He discovers a small shed where he spends some time as he is sheltered from the rain; there is a small peep hole where he can look in to a family house this is where he learns to speak as there is a foreigner in the house who the family is teaching to speak their language. The creature asks Victor to create another creature for him to be his companion. Victor agrees but later after he has started he destroys the second creature so the creature tells him he will be there on Victors wedding night. On his return to Geneva Victor marries Elizabeth. He fears what the creature said to him and that he will kill him. To be careful he sends Elizabeth away to wait for him. While he waits for the creature, he hears Elizabeth scream and Victor realizes that the creature had been hinting at killing his new wife. Victor returns home and his father dies of sorrow shortly after. Victor says that he will devote the rest of his life to finding the creature and getting his revenge. Victor tracks the creature northwards and it becomes icy. Victor almost catches up with the creature, but the ice breaks and Victor cannot reach the creature. Victor dies shortly after he finishes telling his story. Walton then tells the remainder of the story in letters written to his sister. When Walton returns, several days later, to the room in which the body lies he is shocked to see the creature weeping over Victor. The creature tells Walton about his suffering. He then says that now his creator has died he can end his own torment. The creature then walks off for the northernmost ice to die. In chapter 5 Shelly describes how the monster comes to life and how Frankenstein has a nervous breakdown. He had spent two years working on the creature and it turned out to be an abomination in his eyes. Shelly tries to terrify the reader by using some very strong emotive words with an anxiety that almost lead to agony, she makes the creature look as grotesque as possible His yellow skin barely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath she also writes his watery eyes, that seemed almost the same as the dun white sockets. Victor never refers to the creature as a human; he refers to it as a wretch, monster, creature and demonical corpse, this helps to show how Victor rejects the creature as soon as he has brought it to life just because of the way it looks, this is how the creature is treated by society through out the rest of the novel, he is seen as a monster and is rejected by society. These make the creature seem repulsive and grotesque, the thoughts of this creature would have terrified readers when it was first published but I do not think that it has the same effect on readers today. Far worse things are viewed in many places for example on the internet, television or in newspapers although something which had an appearance like the creature would probably still be rejected by society today and would still be considered horrifying.

Reflective Practice Audit Essays -- Economics

Reflective Practice Audit Introduction Within this audit I am going to be talking about the methods of learning and how they can be assessed. I will be showing the skills and experiences of which I have, how they have been developed and a SWOT analysis to evaluate myself. Then I will have expanded on the findings of my skills and experiences, with the final point that I will then be constructing a table showing my short and long-term targets to develop skills and learning styles. Then I will have a final inclusion of my bibliography and references by using the Harvard referencing style. Methods From my research I have found out that there are four main learning styles of which I have explained below: - Pragmatist With a pragmatist they like using new ideas, theories and techniques to find out how they perform. They like applying sensible solutions to problems, and they are usually willing to recognise that there is more than likely a more effective method of performance and it is worthwhile. Reflective The reflective learners are cautious and they like to think about experiences and view them in many different ways to help them come to a conclusion. When doing this they collect and collate information to reach a conclusion. Theorist Perfectionists are what theorist learners are known to be as they prefer to observe, while analysing and solving problems logically. This type of learners use structures that help information make sense to them, as they only want to go by theories, not lateral opinions. Activist People who classify under this style are ready for new experiences, as they are open-minded and enthusiastic. They like new challenges and can’t wait for a new exper... ... of information and view the whole picture. Recommendation For this I have constructed a table to show aims that I need to meet in the future, as recommendations of my learning: - Short-term targets Use my time effectively by performing work for assignments on a daily basis, and consistently analysing my work to improve the standards/grammar of work to help me deadlines. Preparing for presentations, performing them effectively to increase my confidence and help me be able to answer questions to a certain extent. Long-term targets Improve my interaction with people to help me present data to a large range of aged people. Learn about more accounting related information such as the law, and gain more highly skilled accounting qualifications. Maintain a high level of attendance of which is above 80% over the year and be highly punctual.

factors affecting Demand and Supply Essay

In economics, Demand refers to the quantity of a goods or services that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price in a given time period. The law of demand stipulates that there is an inverse relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded, that is to say, if the price of, say, good X rises, it will decrease the quantity demanded of good X and the price of the good falls, this will bring an expansion of the quantity demanded. The diagram below clearly explains the above statement: A movement along a demand curve only occurs when there is a change in the price of the good in question. Some textbooks call these movements’ extensions and contractions. In the diagram below (Fig 1.1), when the price of CDs falls (from P1 to P2) there is a rise in demand (from Q1 to Q2), ceteris paribus. The movement along the curve is from point A to point B. When the price rises (from P1 to P3) there is a fall in demand (from Q1 to Q3), ceteris paribus. The movement along the curve is from point A to point C. Note that we must say ‘ceteris paribus’. If one of the other determinants of demand changes as well, then the curve would shift. A shift in the demand curve occurs if one of the ‘other’ (i.e. non-price) determinants of demand change. This means that for a given price level the quantity demanded will change. This is illustrated in the diagram below: Fig 1.2 Note that the price has not changed (P1) and yet demand has increased (in the case of the shift to D2) to Q2. This could be due to a rise in real incomes (assuming the good is normal – see the required section in the ‘Elasticities’ topic), a rise in the price of a substitute good, a fall in the price of a complement, etc. (see ‘determinants of demand’ above). In the case of the shift to D3, demand has fallen even though the price has remained constant. It is fairly obvious so far that the price of a good is a pretty strong determinant of its demand, but there are many other things that will affect demand too. First of all, the disposable income is one of the factors causing a shift in the demand curve. The effect that income has on the amount of a product that consumers are willing and able to buy depends on the type of good we’re talking about. For most goods, there is a positive (direct) relationship between a consumer’s income and the amount of the good that one is willing and able to buy. In other words, for these goods when income rises the demand for the product will increase; when income falls, the demand for the product will decrease. The above is the case for normal goods. However, when there is an inverse relationship between one’s income and the demand for that good, it is categorised as inferior good. Another factor which is a determinant of demand is the price of related goods. As with income, the effect that the price of related good has on the amount that one is willing and able to buy depends on the type of good we’re talking about. Think about two goods that are typically consumed together, for example, tea and milk (complements). If the price of milk goes up, the Law of Demand tells us that people will be willing/able to buy less milk. But if we want less milk, we will also want to use tea and therefore, an increase in the price of milk means we want to purchase less tea. We can thus summarize this by saying that when two goods are complements, there is an inverse relationship between the price of one good and the demand for the other good. A person’s taste and preference is also one slightly obscure but very important determinant of demand. It could be noted that if a good becomes fashionable, this will boost up the demand. For example, if a celebrity endorses a new product (like Pepsi), this might increase the demand for the product. On the other hand, if a campaign crops up, stating that the product is nefarious to health, this would decrease the demand of the product. An increase in the population of a country will be another determinant of  demand of a product. More people will mean more demand for, say, bread. Nonetheless, it should be noted that a change in the structure of the population, (an ageing population), this will increase the demand for some goods but reduce the demand for others. For example, the quantity of medical shoes will increase in an ageing population. Advertising is also likely to have a great impact on the demand of a product. Many of you probably doubt the effectiveness of some of the appalling adverts on the TV. We may assume that companies would not spend fortunes on advertising if they did not expect to see a significant rise in demand for the product in question. This can be clearly shown when supermarkets advertise their price drop-downs, through flyers, TV adverts, radio et al. Some people always think of securing a better future. In so doing, if they expect the price of a good to rise in the future, they will more likely to demand for more of the product. For example, if we hear that Apple, the electronic giant, will soon introduce a new iPod that has more memory and longer battery life, people may decide to wait to buy an iPod until the new product comes out. This will surely decrease the demand for the current iPod as they will prefer the new ones. On the other hand, just like with demand, where it only became effective if it was backed up with the ability to pay, supply is defined as the willingness and ability of producers to supply goods and services on to a market at a given price in a given period of time. In theory, at higher prices a larger quantity will generally be supplied than at lower prices, ceteris paribus, and at lower prices a smaller quantity will generally be supplied than at higher prices, ceteris paribus. Diagram A movement along a supply curve only occurs when the price changes, ceteris paribus. In other words, the price changes but the other non-price determinants remain constant. The diagram below shows that a price rise will cause an extension up the supply curve, from point A to point B, whilst a  price fall will cause a contraction back down the supply curve, from point A to point C. Supply curves shift, at all prices, if there is a change in one or more of the determinants of supply. If something happens that decreases a firm’s costs regardless of the price level (e.g. improved technology or a subsidy from the government), then the firm’s supply curve shifts to the right. The diagram below demonstrates these shifts: Note that the price remains unchanged at P1; the shifts in the supply curve are caused by various changes in the determinants of supply. As with the demand curve, there are many things that affect supply as well as the price of the good in question. The most important factor determining the supply of a commodity is its price. As a general rule, price of a commodity and its supply are directly related. It means, as price increases, the quantity supplied of the given commodity also rises and vice-versa. It happens because at higher prices, there are greater chances of making profit. It induces the firm to offer more for sale in the market. The price of other factors of other goods is one of the determinants of the supply. Increase in the prices of other goods makes them more profitable in comparison to the given commodity. For example if it is more profitable to produce LCD TVs then producers will produce more LCD TVs as compared to PLASMA TVs. Thus the supply curve for PLASMA TVs will shift inwards i.e. there will be a fall in supply. Another factor to determine supply is through Technology. Technological changes influence the supply of a commodity. Advanced and improved technology reduces the cost of production, which raises the profit margin. It induces the seller to increase the supply. However, technological degradation or complex and out-dated technology will increase the cost of production and it will lead to decrease in supply. Govt., through taxation policies, is also a determinant of supply. Increase in taxes raises the cost of production and, thus, reduces the supply, due to lower profit margin. On the other hand, tax concessions and subsidies increase the supply as they make it more profitable for the firms to supply goods.

Inventory

What problems are facing Erik Peterson? 1. Unclear reporting structure 2. Inventory control 3. Personnel issues: a. Chief Engineer b. Subcontractor c. Employee salary issues d. Conflicts / poor relationships between various positions 4. Lack of clear direction / consistent decisions / communication from corporate 5. Lower level of actual experience from those in higher management 6. Zoning issues 7. Lack of support from corporate regarding local relationships 8. Lack of training for many key positions GMT had originally been targeted to begin service to subscribers on FebruaryY l, but it was now a month behind target because of several major problems. (Page 1) Instead of reporting to Jenkins, like originally assumed, he was assigned to Jeff Hardy, Cellulose's director of budgets and plans. Hardy had never had any system operating experience, so was unable to offer him any initial advice or guidance that was specific or helpful. Their relationship was somewhat awkward in the beginning because Peterson has never been formally told by either Jenkins or Hardy of the reporting relations hip; it just seemed to have occurred. (Page 3 and 4)The initial construction of cellular towers, performed by a subcontractor, was already several weeks behind schedule and that would never meet the turn-on target. Efforts to get the subcontractor to improve his construction rate failed, and GMT was race vying an increasing number of complaints from local citizens about the way the sub annotator was cutting through privately owned trees and property. (Page 4) CLC Peterson had difficulties with getting his chief engineer, Curt Andrews, to do t he planning and organizing necessary to ensure that equipment and supplies arrived whew n they were needed.Page 4) Peterson discussed this problem with Hardy several times a ND raised it again in Los Angels, button no avail. Curt Andrews had worked his way up an d he had gained a reputation within Cellulose for being technically frustrate. After thro e Of four months in Hanover, Peterson came to realize that Curt did not have either the administrative ability or the prior knowledge needed to start up a brand new operation. (Page e 5) Peterson raised the possibility that Curt be reassigned and replaced by a person who h ad more operating and startup experience; the people he talked with in Los Angel s insisted thatCurt had the potential to handle a startup; all he needed was more coaching and help from Peterson. Furthermore, Cellulose had just relocated Curt and his family fro m Tampa to Hanover and Peterson suspected that the company did not wish to put him the rough another move. (Page 5) Peterson took steps to help Curt improve the planning and coordination. One step he took was to have Curt call weekly construction meetings to which everyone in the o organization was invited. However, Peterson felt that Curt did not become involved enough in t hem; he found himself getting most Of his reposts directly from Curt's two su bordinates ToddJones, supervisor of the radio engineering department, and Mike Delano, supervisor of SMUT'S construction department despite his attempts to get Curt more actively involve deed. (Page 6) Another step was establishing an inventory control reporting system; but gaga n Peterson found that Curt resisted the effort. Peterson continued to have difficulty getting Eng these reports from Curt completed on time. Peterson suspected that Curt was somehow re sinful that Peterson did not trust him implicitly.The inventory control problem became s o great that on two occasions GMT ran short of the radios that were required to equip cell is e; if the radio installation team ran out of radios during the installation process the entire p recess had to be set up all over again, wasting valuable time and money. One these two cocoas ions when Curt did not plan for the radio shipment correctly, Peterson was lucky enough to g et overnight shipping. (Page 6) During this period, Peterson agai n discussed the problems with Curt asking to have him transferred but Hardy was again reluctant to take any cacti on. Page 7) Curt had problems working with Todd Jones. Many of their conflicts were over the selection and specification of antenna equipment. Over time these issues had come so frequent that Todd told Peterson on several occasions that he felt he was beet ere qualified than Curt and that he wanted Curt's job. (Page 7) Curt also had several problems w irking with Melissa Mizzen, Peterson secretary. Most of the arguments between Curt an d Melissa were over errors in applications prepared by Curt, but typed by Melissa. Peterson s suspected that Curt resented having his errors pointed out by a woman. Page 7) 0 Jim Weston, a earldom college graduate, who was brought in as director of marketing was an aggressive and ambitious man who Often rubbed people the wrong ay in his hurry to et things done. Jims market plans were not detailed enough and they require deed careful review . (Page 7) Tremor Burns, a roadside college graduate was hired to run the customer seer vice department. Tremor had many ideas, some of which were impractical and his constant flow of new ideas eventually became a problem for everyone, including Todd Jones a ND even Peterson himself; Peterson had to talk to Tremor about it.Tremor and Curt so n developed problems working with one another; Peterson believed that some of these did faculties occurred because of the many suggestions Tremor made about equipment selection an d procedures. The relationship between Tremor and Curt had become quite strained, Peters on suspected that some of these difficulties may have been caused by Curt's defensiveness over not having a college degree, and his resulting annoyance at Tremor's constant flow of critic schisms and suggestions. (Page 7) Peterson promoted his secretary, Melissa, to manager of Accounting and Cacti ovations In February with a raise in her salary.Cellulose headquarters thought that t he resulting increase over her previous salary was excessive and Los Angels only approve d an increase that was 20% less than what Peterson had originally offered to her. Peterson f let that Melissa and he knew the quality of her work had suffered as a result. (Page 8) D Peterson had offered Tremor the job at a competitive salary that Tremor had AC accepted. Todd Jones, who was making 25% less, learned about the amount of Tremor's salary and complained at the difference. Peterson had to discuss the problem with Trove r to let him know that his salary had become known within the company.Tremor voluntarily Off red to accept a salary cut of 20%, knowing that he had to learn some of the technical aspects of the cellular industry from Todd and Curt. (Page 8) Cellulose headquarters had delayed in making several key decisions and ha d several changes in equipment originally specified. As a result of these delays, Cellulose m's prime supplier of radios could not deliver on time, and Cellulo se had to go to an a Iterate source whose equipment was later found to be defective, thereby requiring renegotiate action with the first supplier.Headquarters had made a change in the power supply ratings in Deck ember which Hardy did not inform Peterson of until January. Thus the equipment that GUM T had in inventory could not be used and additional design changes had to be made. T 0 further implicate the situation, headquarters made a subsequent decision in January y to have all power supplies include backup batteries, rather than the generator system the at had originally been specified; the new power supplies did not arrive until the end of February y, (Page 8 and 9) Peterson constantly has a problem with his inability to get either support or CLC ear direction from Hardy.The one suggestion Hardy made, involved marketing to as many customers on the system as possible, but he did not have a set plan or action to do so. (Page Hardy's four visits to Hanover had been characterized a s â€Å"nitpicking' without r solution of any of the major problems that Peterson felt he had to deal with. (Page 9) Pet errors suspected that some of Hardy's indecisiveness was caused by Hardy's uncertain relation ship with his own boss, Rice Jenkins, and his little operating experience in cellular. Page 9) CLC Hardy and Peterson did not agree on how to handle the local governments, el adding Peterson to renegotiate with the local fire department after he solidified the p Ian to use the fire department's communication tower as a GMT cell site in a neighboring town . Hardy was too concerned with the budget and ROI, and not with the benefits that Cellulose and the public would get from this deal. (Page 12) Peterson felt somewhat uncomfortable in his relationships with both Cantor a ND Green because of an encounter he had had with them during his orientation period.Peterson did not care for Green's imperious and egotistical manner and feels a distinct dislike f or him. When Peterson challenges Cantor's statements, he finds she becomes agitated and visibly upset. (Page 12 and 13) One of the issues Cellulose had was the difficulty GMT was having with the e local utility in getting it to â€Å"make ready† its telephone lines according to the promised such duel. Although the meeting with the local general manager had gone well and he had promise deed better service, the utility continued to fall behind its makers schedule. Page 13) Peterson has a poor supervisor who's unsure of his skills and ability to lead their relationship was â€Å"ambiguous and awkward in the beginning† because Peters on was never informed about the reporting relationship, Hardy failed in giving clear direction n or support to Peterson. Decision making authority and power Peterson is given the responsibility of getting this initiative running, but he does not seem to have the decision making authority to make things happen quickly and efficiently. For example, he needs to get pe rmission to chi angel subcontractors and replace an engineer.No practical experience in industry Peterson cannot successfully lead without proper insight into the industry important positions to get the project off the ground are not able to handle the Eire roles (Curt) Relations to class concepts: 2. What are the underlying causes of these problems? The underlying causes of these problems are there is no communication ammo angst the company and its employees. Many of the employees do not have the proper training and knowledge for the positions they are in and do not put in enough effort, or they believe they are over quail fled than others.L] No one knows who directly to report back to, creating awkward relationships and a bad path of communication. Due to his inexperience (and possible youth) Peterson lacks respect from thou SE he manages. The overall inconsistency, especially in regard to decisions made by upper m management, has led to confusion. In regard to the upper managemen t's view of Curt, they believed that he coo old handle the job based on past performance in different areas (halo effect). Page 5) They also were influenced by the same bias in regard to resisting terminating the contract wit h the subcontractor. The majority of the team, but especially Curt, seems to suffer from excessive individualism. While Peterson did try to increase supervision of Curt and implement regular meetings, this plan may have backfired. It appears to have evoked negative feelings from C rut which have continued to affect his job performance. Perhaps offering him incentives for meeting certain expectations would have been more helpful.No leadership skills with Hardy or Peterson, neither have much experience in area, which leads to lack of confidence because of lack of expertise Lack of communication/direction/ authority between the staff and the WHQL (Peterson cannot handle all hires/ fires/wages on his own without authorization, but is supposed to be the manager) Dec ision making is not in place for the schedule and needs of the project (Deck Sino making tree or other method of planning not in place radios and power supplies short takes or not ordered in time for different steps of the process to take place) Lack of structure and skill sets in roles (Stevens moved from customer service over to do construction coordination, has a degree in social work) Confidential info was disclosed (salary info) so morale and relationships are n to as they should be in an office environment How effective has Peterson been in taking charge of the Hanover Startup, in t arms of managing the new operation and of providing leadership? Peterson has been effective in taking charge and turning around Hanover star tap so it will be ready in time for turn-on date.

Conversion Under Tort Law Essays

Conversion Under Tort Law Essays Conversion Under Tort Law Essay Conversion Under Tort Law Essay 320 5/19/2012 Conversion under Tort Law The layman’s definition for conversion is basically considered theft; according to our text â€Å"whenever a person wrongfully possesses or uses the personal property of another without permission† is considered conversion†¦.. †deprives an owner of personal property or of the use of that property without that owner’s permission†. On March 28 of this year, my car was stolen from my employer’s parking lot and was recovered eight days later by the local police. There was surveillance video of the subject entering and driving away in my car, due to the distance a positive ID was unable to be made. Without the video, the act (Actus Reus) of conversion (theft) could have been arguable, being there was no burden of proof. In order for an individual to be charged, there is an information (a form) that is required to be filled out; in my case a police report by a Peace Officer, in order to make a claim that a specific type of theft has occurred. Within the report, certain facts (or beliefs) would be contained supporting that it occurred with specificity and particularity. Here in Illinois, detailed descriptions of vehicle theft laws are found in the Ilinois Vehicle Code, and not the Criminal Code, under 625 ILCS 5/4-103 through 103. 3. In most cases auto thefts are considered Class 2 felonies, punishable by up to seven years imprisonment. There are many different types of conversion, not all of them involving tangible personal property or may not be considered theft at all. An example of conversion using intangible personal property could be the use of computer software, domain names, stocks, and bonds, to name just a few. Another consideration could be the unknowing purchase of stolen items, where the original subject that committed the theft is for all intensive purposes absolved of any wrongdoing by default, when the third party became involved. The buyer of the stolen items is then required to either return the stolen items or monetarily compensate the rightful owner for full value. In order to make a conversion claim, the plaintiff has to establish four elements. 1) the plaintiff owns or the right to possess he property, 2) defendant intentionally interfered with the property, 3) the interference deprived the plantiff of possession or use of the property, and 4) the interference caused damages to the plaintiff and/or the property. There are many different defenses in a conversion case if it ends up in litigation. There is abandonment; the property was abandoned by the owner prior to being taken by the defendant. Consent or approbation; the plaintiff’s consent can be implied. Privilege; the finder of lost property may be entitled to use or ownership if the real owner cannot be identified. As a policy, the local Police do not investigate auto thefts unless there was a crime committed with the car. Given the fact the subject seen on video was not able to be identified, the case was closed. The interior of the car was vandalized to the point that my insurance carrier considered the car a total loss. Because all four of the elements listed earlier, I was unable to make a conversion claim. : Cross, F. B. , amp; Miller, R. L. (2012). The legal environment of business: Text and cases-ethical, regulatory, global, and corporate issues. (8th ed. ). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Test-Taking Tips and Strategies

Test-Taking Tips and Strategies Of all the stressors that come with earning a degree in higher education, taking a test – or exam, rather – often causes the most stress. Tests are rarely simple, most always a challenge, and, worst of all, the student hardly knows what to expect – even those who  have done their work, studied hard and prepared well for the exam.  The key to successful test taking, however, is preparation and avoiding carelessness when taking the test. How to Write a College Research Paper Taking a test demonstrates the student’s ability to understand their course material and use that knowledge ina pragmatic way. There are two kinds of tests: objective tests –true/false, multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank; andsubjective tests – short answer, essay, oral exams. Regardless of the student, their approach to taking tests, intelligence, skill level, or if they have a proclivityfor performing well on tests, here are a few suggestions for the student who wishes to excel on tests. Test-Taking Tips and Strategies Improve test-taking abilities by looking at old tests. When preparing for any test, the student should review previously taken tests to be aware of areas that may require more attention. Each test a student takes in some way prepares them for the next – especially the Final exam. Be early, early, early. The day of a test, the student should one, get up out of bed at an early hour, early enough to get a good, healthy breakfast before reviewing last-minute notes. Also, the student should arrive early to the test-taking site to avoid any stress or panic. Visualize. It’s a health practice for the student to imagine a successful test – literally envisioning themselves going slowly and successfully over each question, performing each in a confident, competent manner, and finishing every question calmly, thoroughly, with the least amount of stress as possible. Be alert, sit upright and, if possible, choose a comfortable seat/chair and location. A great deal of the student’s success in taking a test depends on their ability to stay focused, alert and comfortable. Stay relaxed, confident – and keep a positive attitude. Like visualizing success, the student must not let their negative thoughts cause a poor test performance. They should keep reminding themselves they are doing their best, will pass the test with flying colors, and get on with their day. A few deep breaths also help to maintain focus and composure. Read the directions carefully and avoid making errors due to carelessness. Most tests do have a time limit; however, it is more than beneficial when the student reads all directions Have a strategy. Answer questions in a strategic order, depending on the student’s strengths/weaknesses, comfort level, and understanding of the content. The student may want to answer easy questions first, as sort of a warm-up, which may build confidence, then answer questions with the most point value. On objective test questions, eliminate incorrect answers: This works with multiple-choice questions, true-false questions, etc. If possible, make very broad outlines for essays. This helps the student visualize their written answer, serving as a makeshift formula for a response. If time allows, look the test over once more. Rather than turning in their test right after they’re done with it, the student should hold on to their test as long as possible. They should check to make sure they’ve answered every question to the best of their abilities and not made careless, pointless errors, have mismarked answers, and so on. Also, the student may find pertinent, helpful information, or even an answer to a question, at a different part of the test. Three Steps to a Great College Essay

Interprofessional team working in healthcare delivery Essay

Interprofessional team working in healthcare delivery - Essay Example For this research, the case that will be analysed is the Case of Tom. This case has been chosen because of the following reasons. First, it puts into question the concept of patient–centeredness. In concrete experiences of patients, what does patient-centeredness means? Is it simply a mantra that we continuously repeat, but do not act upon or is it a reality for some patients and not for all? Second, because of the vagueness of the idea of patient-centeredness, the case highlights the wide divide between health policy and health care plan and that no matter hard policy makers think of coming up with ways that may theoretically realise patient centeredness of health care if it is not implemented in real cases, it is worth nothing. Third, it brings to the fore the issue of decision-making in cases of patients that are incapacitated in making the decisions for themselves. Fourth, it emphasises the unclear position of parents in decision-making when it comes to their child who is vulnerated by multiple learning disabilities. Fifth, it presents a stark contradiction to the ideal of interprofessional teamwork to achieve the best quality health care that can be provided to the patients. Finally, sixth, it brings us back to the basics of humanity – rights, dignity, respect, and human integrity. With these reasons, it will focus on the concept of interprofessional teamwork. The idea of patient-centred is the core of health care plan and interprofessional teamwork in health care services. ... These are 1. The issues pertinent to the autonomy, integrity, and dignity of Tom. 2. The ethical concern regarding decision-making in cases where in the patient is incapacitated to make an autonomous decision. 3. The issue of double standards in care vis-a-vis neglect in providing care. 4. The ethical issue of duty of people who are primarily responsible in providing the necessary care for Tom’s condition and 5. The ethical issue of malfeasance as a result of the negligence of the primary health care providers of Tom. All of these ethical issues are manifested by the failure of the health care team to assess, address and treat the expressions of pain by Tom, which is repeatedly re-affirmed by his parents. In this failure, the entire team failed to recognise and respect the dignity and integrity of Tom as a patient (Gaskell & Nightingale 2010). Tom is in a vulnerated condition of profound and multiple learning disabilities, which places him in a constant situation wherein his d ignity and integrity as a person is injured. In this context, treatment should be made available and accessible indiscriminately (Kottow 2010). In his condition, dignity in disease should not be equated with ‘dignity in uprightness’, but it is a differing dignity where â€Å"it is not so important whether we are sick or healthy; what matters is to be sick in a healthy way, and not healthy in a sick manner. In the question of autonomy, it is apparent that Tom is incapable of making an autonomous decision. As such, in his behalf, his parents have consistently shown that they are advocating for their child. Beauchamp and Childress (2009) have explained that the norm in disregarding parental decision in terms of treatment is when the decision is refusal of treatment that is

The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Epic of Gilgamesh - Essay Example Different phenomena of our world not only attracted their attention but needed explanations. Their views were at the stage of developing, the explanations were not definite and many things were still explained by the existence of different gods. It is clear from the legend that the main goal of these people was to kill somebody and to conquer some territory (Dalley 34). The role of a woman is also represented vaguely. The attitudes towards women in the legend are very different. We can see that the positive and respectful attitude is represented mostly towards goddesses. Ishtar is one of them, she was the goddess of richness, love, and battle. Ishtar is represented in a great number of myths and legends and in every myth she has a different mission. Ishtar is usually portrayed as a strong, egoistic and proud woman. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, she represented as an enemy of the main hero. She is very ambitious in the Epic of Gilgamesh and it is not possible to define if she is positive or negative heroin. The readers can be shocked by her cruelness when she decides to kill Gilgamesh after he rejects her. The main goal of this woman is to satisfy her ambitions. This testifies that the people of that time saw women as strong, cruel and ambitions creatures (Dalley 56). They gave these features to a goddess and that means that in their opinion such charact eristics should have belonged to ideal women. Ishtar is also very sensual; she can’t and is not going to overcome her feeling to Gilgamesh, she demands an immediate satisfaction of her passion: â€Å"Come, Gilgamesh, be my lover! Give me the taste of your body. Would that you were my husband, and I was your wife! Id order harnessed for you a chariot of lapis lazuli and gold, its wheels of gold and its horns of precious amber. You will drive storm demons--powerful mules! Enter our House, into the sweet scent of cedarwood† (Tablet 6, col. I).

Term paper for biomedical ethics PHIL 150 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

For biomedical ethics PHIL 150 - Term Paper Example In the first part of each article I will be explaining the arguments and the conclusions of their version of Euthanasia. In the second part of this paper I will also look at the philosophical foundation of the Euthanasia from both articles and analyze how the perspectives guide the articles to their conclusions of Euthanasia. With many variations of definitions depending on the legality and morality of a particular region, the simple definition of euthanasia is that it refers to the practice of deliberately terminating a life in order to alleviate pain and suffering (DeGrazia et al 41). This intentional ending of life can be with the consent of the patient or even without the consent of the patient in some cases. The termination of life from the patient will mostly be done by the doctor or a physician. There has always been a rift and arguments on whether euthanasia is morally correct. This has been debated between the moral doctrines by the doctors and also by the philosophers who believe that nobody should have the capability of terminating another person’s life even if the person is ailing and the patient has no chances of getting better, they believe this is ethically wrong (DeGrazia et al 23). Different perspectives have been put forward to argue on the different aspects of euthanasia. Two in stances that come into focus in my case are the arguments by Callahan â€Å"Killing and Allowing to Die† and also an article by Miller et al. â€Å"Regulating Physician-Assisted Death†. In the case of Callahan he argues that there is quite a legitimate dissimilarity between killing and allowing to die. He goes ahead and defends the distinction by analyzing three perspectives overlapping each other in this case; metaphysical, moral and medical perspectives. Under the metaphysical perspectives Callahan explains that the external world is distinct from the self and has its own

Comparison of Nursing Stress in Public and Private Hospitals

Comparison of Nursing Stress in Public and Private Hospitals Introduction The profession of nursing is considered one of the most stressful professions in the world. Nursing is by nature a stressful occupation. Continuous and long-term stress can result in physical, psychological, and behavioral problems in nurses. Therefore these professionals have been researched time and again. To cope with these problems several coping styles are deployed by the nurse which help them deal with the everyday stressors of their life. It has been found via research that using certain unhealthy coping styles may result in a number of mental health problems (Srinivasan Samuel, 2014). Nursing is the kind of job in which professionals have to deal with immense workload which can result in a lot of health problems, both physical and psychological. . not only that, the patients that come to hospitals themselves accompany a host of problems with them such as the stress of being ill, being frightful and apprehensive about their future and often they are very bitter and sometimes even indignant. Nurses have to deal with all of this and have to maintain a sense of composure at the same time. Sometimes the nurses have to perform the role of doctors and deal with the attendants and patients which mean they have to take the insults that were meant for the doctors and wasn’t initially a part of their job requirement. Some patients and attendants can even be physically abusive at times; this can result in even more stress for the nurses. It is often seen that at times the patients are way too demanding and expect more than what their job entails, when those expectation s are not met the patients can be aggressive and they tend to show their aggression in a both verbal and physical way. These stressors expose nurses to a host of problems, depression, anxiety and insomnia being a few of them (Srinivasan Samuel, 2014). There is an extreme scarcity of nurses in both the government and private hospitals in Pakistan which makes them a valuable asset, one that must not be taken for granted. This scarcity in the number of nurses is mainly due to the discrepancy between their workload and their pay scales which make them leave their homeland and migrate to countries that give them roper compensation for their work. The work-life issues threatening retention of nurses is of serious concern for health administrators. This shortage of nursing professionals in Pakistan was researched by the Joint Learning Initiative Report in 2004 and the World Health Report in 2006 and found Pakistan to be among those 57 nations that have the most significant lack of human resource (Hamid, Malik, Kamran Ramzan, 2013). There is no shortage of nursing schools and colleges in the country, there are roughly 109 nursing institutions and 44000 nurses on record in Pakistan but the lack of nurses are still a grave problem. There are insufficient nurses in comparison to the people that need medical attention. A country that has limited nursing professionals will have dire effects on its health care systems despite having sound technological facilities. This dearth in the amount of nursing staff is not just a matter for developing countries like Pakistan but also for the countries in the developed world. There are a host of reasons behind this deficiency in the amount of nursing staff, some of them being poor working conditions, low pay and poor job satisfaction. Among the factors that have contributed to the immense shortage of nurses in Pakistan are the increase in workload, lack of any admiration or reward such as monetary incentives and inflexible nursing management (Hamid, Malik, Kamran Ramzan, 2013). Therefore, there is a dire need to research this major work force of Pakistan that has been neglected and often taken for granted. This study was planned to examine occupational stressors that the nurses face, coping strategies they deploy to deal with those stressors, and mental health problems they have as a result of those stressors. The aims of the research were to find out the differences among stressors of private and government hospital nurses. The objectives of this study were to find out the differences in the coping styles in nurses of government and private hospitals. The other objective was to find out whether faulty coping styles lead to mental health problems. Literature Review Sahraian, Davidi, Bazrafshan Javadpour conducted a study in 2013 to find out the different kinds of occupational stressors faced by nurses across several wards, nurses working in surgical, internal and psychiatric wards were interviewed in teaching hospitals of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 180 nurses were selected who worked in surgical, internal and psychiatric wards of 4 teaching hospitals. The results of the study indicated that nurses of surgical and internal wards showed significantly higher level of occupational as compared to the nurses working in psychiatric wards. It was ascertained through the results obtained that job stressors of nurses differ across different wards in the hospitals. There are several sources of stress, the environment in which one works being one of the biggest stressors. The significance of management of occupational stress is acknowledged, it effects the production of work, and it is also found to be linked with the worker’s physical and mental health. This particular research sought to assess the basis and effects of work-related stress on the capability, output, and competence of nurses. Several factors of the job have been linked to stress for e.g., excess of work, feelings of powerlessness, lack of clarity about their role as a nurse and disagreements at work. Stagnancy in the expansion of career, fear of joblessness, feelings of being underestimated and ambiguity in the chances of growth and promotion are some of the other stressors that were observed. This research revealed that stress negatively effects work effectiveness, de-motivates the performance, and instills the feelings of detachment towards the organization and its worke rs (Moustaka Constantinidis, 2010). Nursing is an extremely stressful job by nature and nurses use several coping strategies to deal with the stressors of their job. The aim of this study was to examine the major sources and consequences of job stress and coping mechanism amongst nurses in public health services. The research was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. It was concluded through this research that the nature of the work itself was the biggest stressor for nurses. The work itself included the setting of the work place, the monotony of work and the over burden of work. Some other stressors that were identified were the insensitive and unprofessional nature of the superiors, lack of acknowledgement and work place clashes. It was also found out that increased social support of friends, family and colleagues worked as a positive coping strategy against the effects of the occupational stressors. The participants relied on a number of other coping mechanisms to battle with the effects of the job (Beh Loo, 2012). Significance of the study This research can highlight the occupational stressors of nurses, the mental health problems they get as a consequence of not being able to cope with those work related stressors. This will show a different side of these professionals that people often fail to see and take their services for granted. Rationale of the study As mentioned above there hasn’t been any research done on this population and even though this job is among the toughest jobs in the world, it’s not given much regard in our part of the world. This study will not only highlight the stressors that nurses face but will also serve as a stepping stone for further researches. Research Questions What is the difference between the stressors of nurses of private and government hospitals? What is the difference in the coping styles of nurses of private and government hospitals? What is the difference in the mental health problems of nurses of private and government hospitals? Working in which ward is the most stressful for the nurses of both government and private hospitals? Which shift is the cause of most stress for the nurses of both government and private hospitals? Do faulty coping styles lead to mental health problems? Hypotheses It is hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between the job stressors of private and government hospitals. It is hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between the coping styles of private and government hospitals. It is hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between the mental health problems of private and government hospitals. It is hypothesized that positive coping behaviors would be associated negatively with mental health problems in nurses, and negative coping behaviors would be associated positively with mental health problems in nurses. It is hypothesized that higher the level of job stressors, higher the degree of mental health problems in nurses. Method Research Design A cross-sectional research design will be used for this study. It will be a comparative study as it aims to find difference between job stressors, coping styles and mental health problems of nurses of private and government hospitals. Therefore a Correlational study design will be used. This design tests for statistical relationship between two variables which are nurses of private and government hospitals. Setting Data will be collected from nurses of private and government hospitals. Phase I. Exploring the Phenomenology During the first phase the phenomenon of occupational stressors of the nurses will be explored. A total number of 50 nurses will be interviewed, 25 from government hospitals and 25 from private hospitals. Before beginning the interviews permission from the head nurse or the department of the nurses will be taken. The nurses will then be interviewed individually and will be asked about the stressors they face on a daily basis. Open ended questions will be asked so as to elicit more comprehensive and detailed responses from the nurses. Phase II. Pilot Study The second phase is the trial phase which will determine the feasibility of the research and will also determine the reliability and responsiveness of the items of the scale that is developed. Main Study In order to test the hypotheses the main study will be conducted. Participants This study will be conducted in government and private hospitals. The participants in this study will be a sample of 300 nurses, 150 from private hospitals and 150 from government hospitals. Measures Demographic data includes age, marital status, qualification, family system, no. of children, years of experience and the kind of institution. Scales: occupational stress scale, cope scale and general health questionnaire. The occupational stress scale is an indigenous scale which was developed according to the norms of our culture. The cope scale was also an indigenous scale which was adapted to find out the different coping styles of nurses in Pakistan. GHQ-12 was used to assess the mental health problems of the nurses, it is a psychometric tool often used to evaluate psychological distress, depression and anxiety. Procedure In order to collect data, the department of clinical Psychology University of Management and Technology Lahore will issue a letter which will explain the purpose of the research and data collection from different institutions. This letter will be presented to the nurses’ department at different government and private hospitals in order to obtain permission to collect data. Later the participants’ consent will be taken and the aim of the research will be explained to the participants. Ethical considerations will be considered and after the completion of data collection, results will be analyzed. Analysis of Results Once the data is collected, it will be analyzed by using SPSS 16.00 software program in order to test the hypotheses.